Assessment of Awareness and Practice of Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Among Female Students

Abstract

Breast self-examination (BSE) is a significant procedure for the early detection of breast cancer, which remains a major health concern in Pakistan, affecting approximately one in every nine women during their lifetime. This study aimed to assess the awareness and practice of BSE among female students. A qualitative exploratory design was employed at Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur. Ten participants were selected through purposive sampling, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis to generate key themes. The findings indicated that while participants were generally aware of breast cancer and its potential risks, their knowledge and practical engagement with BSE was limited. The primary sources of information included seminars, peer groups, and media platforms. Notably, students who had attended educational seminars demonstrated comparatively higher levels of awareness. Several barriers to regular BSE practice were identified, including emotional discomfort, embarrassment, time constraints, misconceptions, and lack of practical training. Participants expressed that in case of symptoms, they would either seek medical attention or rely on self-monitoring and advice from family members, particularly mothers. The study concludes that accurate, easily accessible, and continuous information is crucial for improving young women’s knowledge and practice of BSE. Comprehensive health education programs and sustained awareness campaigns are recommended to address misconceptions and encourage proactive attitudes toward breast self-examination and breast cancer prevention.